Mt. Kilimanjaro is the highest mountain in Africa. The climatic gradients of the slopes give rise to an abundance of natural vegetation types which, especially in the lower elevations, have often been converted into agriculture or used, e.g., for selective logging. As a result, the slopes of Mt. Kilimanjaro support several prominent natural and human-modified ecosystems, many harboring also abundant and diverse lichen communities. The lichen research in Mt. Kilimanjaro is done in collaboration with the Research group Kilimanjaro.